综述：富含亚油酸的食用油对肝脏、肌肉、皮肤和大脑健康有益

Emerging research suggests linoleic acid may offer benefits beyond reducing circulating LDL-cholesterol levels and potentially decreasing cardiovascular disease risk.

, /PRNewswire/ -- A new comprehensive review in Current Nutrition Reports explores the impact linoleic acid may have on a range of health outcomes including cognition, muscle mass and strength, liver function, and skin cancer risk. Linoleic acid, the primary polyunsaturated fatty acid in soybean oil and most seed oils, is an essential fatty acid that must be obtained through diet.

"Because linoleic acid intake accounts for a large percentage of energy intake in many high-income countries, there is compelling reason to understand the health effects of its consumption," said senior author Matthew Nagra, ND; Tonume Integrated Health; University of British Columbia. "In addition to its role in reducing LDL-cholesterol and cardiovascular disease risk, there is intriguing evidence that linoleic acid intake may favorably affect a wide range of other conditions and diseases."

The manuscript evaluates the evidence from observational studies and randomized controlled trials to assess the potential benefits of linoleic acid intake, indicating it may:

Inhibit liver fat accumulation –In comparison to saturated fat, the preponderance of evidence suggests linoleic acid intake reduces liver fat accumulation. For example, a recently published clinical trial in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism showed that participants who consumed linoleic acid-rich soybean oil experienced a 1.3% decrease in liver fat versus a 1% increase in participants who consumed palm.
Maintain muscle mass – Evidence suggests a positive relationship between linoleic acid intake and maintaining muscle mass.
Decrease risk of skin cancer – Several studies show higher linoleic acid intake is associated with lower risk of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, although not all studies reported protective effects.
Decrease epigenetic aging and increase the healthspan – Life expectancy may be favorably affected by linoleic acid intake. The proposed effects of linoleic acid on cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and muscle loss suggest that linoleic acid intake will increase the healthspan, a measure of the number of years of life that are "healthy and free from chronic disease." Studies evaluating changes in DNA methylation suggest linoleic acid decreases biological aging.
Improve cognitive function and decrease risk of developing neurocognitive disorders -- Intriguing observational evidence indicates linoleic acid exposure (assessed by intake or circulating levels) may inhibit age-related cognitive decline and decrease risk of dementia.

Diets higher in linoleic acid have long been recommended as a means of reducing risk of CVD because blood cholesterol levels are lowered when linoleic acid replaces saturated fat. Global dietary guidance from leading health organizations emphasizes limiting saturated fat to no more than 10% of total energy intake and replacing those fats with unsaturated fats—particularly polyunsaturated fats when exceeding this limit. This guidance is reflected in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, recommendations from the American Heart Association to replace saturated and trans fats with nontropical liquid plant oils, and U.S. Food and Drug Administration qualified health claims recognizing oils such as corn, canola, and soybean oil for their potential to reduce coronary heart disease risk.

Soy Nutrition Institute Global and the United Soybean Board supported the development of this manuscript.

Learn more about seed oils and soybean oil: SNIGlobal.org/seedoils.

Sarah Alsager, SNI Global
[email protected]

SOURCE Soy Nutrition Institute Global